Hi Robert,
Thanx for getting back to me. A rather long, I'm afraid, response below.
This is Greek. Specifically I'm working on apposition as defined by Wallace in Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics.
His classification of Nominative in Apposition to Oblique Cases cites as examples, Rev 1:5, 3:12, 7:9, 9:14,14:12 and 16:13.
Now as a preface I ought to note that taking one grammarians' definition of a feature and trying to match it to anothers' is not going to strike 100% accord, often nothing like it. One must expect that there will be differences of opinion and that tagging done by one would not match that done by the other. This has occurred routinely in cases I've been investigating in Wallace using the Accordance Greek syntax as tagged by Marco. Pertinent to the question at hand then some cases that Wallace claims for apposition Marco tags as adjuncts (or perhaps otherwise - my analysis is not complete) and those I do not expect to find any match using the apposition tagging in the syntax database.
But this particular feature has the following key characteristics :
1. adjacent substantives, for some definition of adjacent. Clearly literally adjacent words will exclude too many cases.
2. The appositive itself is in the nominative case
3. The referent of the appositive is in an oblique case - I have excluded both nominative and vocative
Now strictly I am probably abusing the term referent here as strictly both the oblique substantive and the nominative in apposition to it have the same referent. But by referent of the appositive I mean the substantive to which it stands in apposition. Perhaps the appositee ? I don't know if there is a special term for it.
Now with all that background what is the problem I am having and why did I ask what I asked ?
I am trying to construct an Accordance search which finds examples of Nominative in Apposition to Oblique Cases.
In doing so I would like to be able to specify that the substantive (referent) be in an oblique case and that the appositive be in the nominative. The problem arises because of sometimes the nearest words to the appositive are oblique case substantives which are not the referent. As one cannot attach the oblique case specification definitively to the correct substantive the number of false positives rises.
And so finally to an example :
“Ὧδε ἡ ὑπομονὴ τῶν ἁγίων ἐστίν, οἱ τηροῦντες τὰς ἐντολὰς τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τὴν πίστιν Ἰησοῦ.”
(Ἀποκάλυψις 14·12 Novum Testamentum Graece (New Testament in Greek))
accord://read/GNT28-T#Rev._14:12
Here is the endurance of the holy ones, those who keep the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus.
And here is the syntax chart :
Rev14_12.jpg 39.84KB
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You'll notice that this case is correctly found by this search :
AppSubjSearch.jpg 33.18KB
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Note that this one half of the full search. The other half does the same basic search but searches for the same structure replacing the Subject phrase with a Complement phrase. It is attached below for reference.
Now taking a false positive from the results :
“Καὶ ὡς ἐγένετο ἡμέρα, συνήχθη τὸ πρεσβυτέριον τοῦ λαοῦ, ἀρχιερεῖς τε καὶ γραμματεῖς, καὶ ἀπήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ συνέδριον αὐτῶν”
(Λουκᾶν 22·66 Novum Testamentum Graece (New Testament in Greek))
accord://read/GNT28-T#Luke_22:66
And when day broke, the body of elders of the people gathered, both the high-priests and scribes, and they lead him away to their council.
And here is the syntax for this :
Lk22_66.jpg 45.81KB
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Now what happens here is that the wrong substantive is selected, λαοῦ rather than πρεσβυτέριον or more correctly τὸ πρεσβυτέριον τοῦ λαοῦ. Had that referent been known the search could have excluded this hit because it would be known that the referent had the wrong case.
Similar examples occur in a number of places particularly where the referent has an adjunct substantive in an oblique case. It is possible of course that these might be exclude by other means than I suggest, but I've not figured out something as fool proof yet. I need to complete my analysis to see if other different cases exist.
“Ὀψίας δὲ γενομένης ἦλθεν ἄνθρωπος πλούσιος ἀπὸ Ἁριμαθαίας, τοὔνομα Ἰωσήφ, ὃς καὶ αὐτὸς ἐμαθητεύθη τῷ Ἰησοῦ·”
(Μαθθαῖον 27·57 Novum Testamentum Graece (New Testament in Greek))
accord://read/GNT28-T#Matt._27:57
provides another interesting false positive. In this case the substantive Ἁριμαθαίας is found when in fact the referent should be ἄνθρωπος. There are a number of this type.
Ok this took way longer to explain than I had intended. Hopefully it helps.
Thx
D